Māui

ʻO Māui (Māui) ka meʻe nui a me ka hana maʻalea i nā moʻolelo Polinesia. ʻAʻole i hoʻomana nui ʻia ʻo Māui, he ʻano meʻe ʻo ia ma mua o kona ʻano kupua. Ua ʻōkoʻa kona kinohi ma nā moʻolelo like ʻole, akā ua like kāna mau hana.

Ua haʻi ʻia nā moʻolelo a kā Māui mau hana a me kāna mau huakaʻi a puni ka hapanui o Polinesia; ua hiki ke hāhai komohana i kēia mau moʻolelo a i kekahi mau mokupuni kokoke iā Nūkini. He mau kaʻao like ko ka hapanui o nā moʻolelo Polinesia e like me kāna ʻaihue ʻana i ke ahi, kāna hopu ʻana i nā moku me kāna makau hoʻokalakupua, a me kāna hopu ʻana i ka lā no ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i nā lā. He mau maka like ʻole kāna ma kēlā me kēia aupuni, mai kekahi kāne nōhea ʻōpiopio, i kekahi kahuna ʻelemakule naʻauao ʻauana wale. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo Māui no kāna kolohe, eia naʻe he mau hana maikaʻi kāna no kona lāhui. Ua hōʻihi ʻo ia ma ka hapa nui o nā moʻomeheu Pākīpika, a he kaulana nō ʻo ia a i kēia lā.

Kaʻao Māori

I nā moʻolelo Māori, e like me nā moʻolelo Polinesia ʻē aʻe, he meʻe maʻalea ʻo Māui, kaulana no kāna kolohe a no kāna alamai. ʻO Māui-tikitiki ("Māui kiʻikiʻi"), Māui-tikitiki-a-Taranga ("Māui kiʻikiʻi a kalana"), Māui-pōtiki ("Māui pōkiʻi), a me Māui te whare kino ("Māui ka hale kino) nā inoa Māori no Māui.

Māui a me ka iʻa

Ua hōʻole mau nā kaikuaʻana o Māui iā ia e hele pū me lākou i ka lawaiʻa. I kekahi pō, ua ulana ʻo ia i kekahi aho olonā, a ua hoʻokalakupua ʻo ia i ke aho me kekahi karakia (pule) no ka ikaika; i kēia nāna i nākiʻi i ka makau kalakupua papa kuʻi mai kāna kupunahine ʻo Murirangawhenua. A laila ua huna ʻia ʻo ia i ke ama o ka waʻa a kāna mau kaikuaʻana. I ke kakahiaka aʻe, i ka manawa ua mamao aku ka waʻa mai ka ʻāina i hiki ʻole ke hoʻi, ua puka ʻo ia mai kāna wahi huna. ʻAʻole i hāʻawi kāna mau kaikuaʻana iā ia i ka maunu, no laila ua kuʻi iā ia iho i kāna ihu a ua kau kāna koko i maunu ma ka makau. Ua kōmi a huki aʻe ʻo ia i ka iʻa nui i lilo ai i ka Moku ʻĀkau o Aotearoa, ʻo ia ʻo Te Ika-a-Māui; ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā awāwa a me nā kuahiwi o ka mokupuni mai ke kakaha ʻana ʻo kāna mau kaikuaʻana i ka iʻa no lākou iho. I kekahi mau moʻolelo ua lilo kāna waʻa i ka Moku hema, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Te Waka a Māui. (ʻŌlelo ʻia nā moʻolelo ʻē aʻe ʻo Aoraki ka inoa maoli o ka waka.)

Lawe mai ʻo Māui i ke ahi i ka honua

Ua hoihoi ʻo Māui i ke kumu o ke ahi, no laila i kekahi pō ua hele nīele ʻo ia i nā kūlanakauhale o kāna lāhui a ua hoʻopio ʻo ia i nā kukui. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Taranga, ka makuahine ʻo Māui iā ia, ua pono kekahi e hele a nīnau iā Mahuika, ke akuawahine o ke ahi, no ke ahi hou. No laila ua hō aku ʻo Māui (he moʻopuna na Mahuika) e hele a huli iā ia. Ua noho ʻo Mahuika i kahi ana i kekahi mauna hāʻena i ka nihi o ka honua. Ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kekahi o kāna mau mikiʻao ʻā e hōʻā hou i na kukui, akā ua hoʻopio ʻo Māui i kēlā me kēia mikiʻao a i ka manawa ua ulu hua ʻo Mahuika a ua hoʻouna ʻo ia i ke ahi e hahai iā Māui, a ua ola wale ʻo ia i kāna kāhea ʻana iā Tāwhirimātea, ke akua o ke anilā, e hoʻopio i ke ahi me kāna ua. Ua kiola ʻo Mahuika i kāna mikiʻao hope iā Māui, akā ua hala ʻo ia iā ia a ua kiola i kekahi mau kumulāʻau e like me ka māhoe a me ke kaikōmako. Ua hoʻihoʻi mai ʻo Māui i kēia mau lāʻau i kāna kūlanakauhale, a ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia i kāna lāhui pehea e hana ai i ke ahi.

Hoʻomālie ʻo Māui i ka lā

I ka wā kahiko, ua wikiwiki loa ka lā i ka lewa, i ʻole ka manawa no ka hana a me ka ʻai ʻana. No laila ua makemake ʻo Māui e hopu i ka lā a e hoʻomālie iā ia. Me ka papa kuʻi kupaianaha o Murirangawhenua a me ke kaula he nui, ua huakaʻi ʻo Māui a me kona mau kaikuaʻana i ka hikina a ua huli lākou i ka lua moe pō o ke akua lā ʻo Tama-nui-te rā. Ua nākiʻi lākou i nā kaula i wahi pahele a puni ka lua a ua kūkulu ;ia i kahi paia pālolo no ka palena o hope. Ua hopu ʻia ʻo Tama-nui-te-rā i ka pahele a ua kuʻi o Māui iā ia me ka iwi ā a i kāna hāʻawipio ʻana a kāna ʻae ʻana i ke kaʻa lewa lohi ʻana.

Ka make ʻana o Māui

ʻO ka hana maʻalea hope o Māui, i lilo ai i kāna make ʻana he hana me ke Akuawahine ʻo Hine-nui-te-pō. I kāna hoʻāʻo e lilo ai i nā kānaka i mea make ʻole, ua lilo ʻo Māui i kekahi koʻe a ua kolo ʻo ia i kona kohe, ua makemake ʻo ia e puka mai kona waha i kāna wā hiamoe; aka naʻe ua hoʻomāui ʻo ia mai nā niho mākā i loko o kāna kohe.

Kaʻao Hawaiʻi

I nā moʻolelo Hawaiʻi, he meʻe a aliʻi kahiko ʻo Māui ma nā moʻokūʻauhau like ʻole. I ke Kumulipo, he keiki ʻo ia a ʻAkalana lāua ʻo Hina-a-ke-ahi (Hina). He ʻehā mau keikikāne a lākou ʻo Māui-mua, Māui-waena, Māui-kiʻikiʻi a me Māui-a-kalana. ʻO Hinakealohaila ka inoa o ka wahine ʻo Māui-a-kalana, a ʻo Nanamaoa ko lāua keikikāne. He Kupua ʻo Māui. Ua like ka inoa ʻo Māui me ka mokupuni Hawaiʻi ʻo Maui, akā ua moʻoʻōlelo ʻia ua kapa ʻia ka mokupuni ʻo Maui na ke keikikāne ʻo Hawaiʻiloa, nāna i kapa ʻia na Māui.

Mea hōʻikeʻike manu

ʻO kekahi o nā hana kaulana a Māui ʻo ia ka hōʻike ʻana o nā manu (i huna i nā maka kanaka) a ua lilo i kūmaka. I ka wā kahiko i poina ʻia, ua hōʻoluʻolu nā mele o nā manu iā Māui. Ua hākilo ʻo ia iā lākou me ka hoihoi loa, i ko lākou mau hulu luaʻehu wehiwehi i ka ululāʻau, a ko lākou mele honehone, eia naʻe ʻaʻole ua hiki kekahi aʻe ke ʻike pū i kāna ʻikena. Akā ua hiki nā hoa a Māui ke lohe i nā mele nahenahe o na manu, ʻaʻole ua hiki lākou ke lohe i ke kumu no kēia piopio ʻana. Ua menemene ʻo Māui i kāna mau hoa, no nā kānaka, no ko lākou ʻike ʻole ʻana i nā manu makalapua, no laila ua lilo o Māui i nā manu i mea ʻike maka.

Hoʻokahua ʻana o Hawaiʻi

Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻia ʻo Māui ka mea i hoʻokahua ai i ka Pae ʻĀina Hawaiʻi, i kāna hele lawaiʻa ʻana me kāna mau hoa, ua huki ʻia ʻo ia i kekahi pae moku mai ka papa moana me kekahi makau kūpaianaha ʻo Mānaiakalani ka inoa. I kekahi mau kaʻao lawaiʻia ʻo Māui, he lawaiʻa ʻinoʻino ʻo ia. Ua hoʻohenehene kona mau kaikuaʻana iā ia no kāna hopu ʻole ʻana i nā iʻa a ua hoʻopai aku ʻo ia me nā hana maʻalea iā lākou. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Māui a me kāna mau kaikuaʻana i nā mākua akua, akā ʻo Māui wale nō ka mea hoʻokalakupua, ʻo ia ke kumu hiki Māui ke loaʻa iā Mānaiakalani i kūkulu ʻia me nā iwi o kāna mau kūpuna akua. I kekahi lā, ua hele nā kaikuaʻana ʻo Māui i ka lawaiʻa ʻana, akā ua hoʻōle lākou iā Māui i kāna hele pū ʻana me lākou ma ka waʻa, a ua hoʻonāukiuki kēia ia Māui. I ko lākou hoʻi ʻana mai, ua haʻi ʻo Māui iā lākou, inā iā ia i hele pū me lākou, ua ʻoi aʻe ka iʻa i hopu ʻia mai hoʻokahi wale manō. Ua manaʻo kona mau kaikuaʻana i kēia ʻōlelo, a ua lawe pū lākou iā ia i ka huakaʻi lawaiʻa aʻe. Ua noi lākou iā ia i nā wahi o nā iʻa "maikaʻi". A laila ua kiola ʻo Māui i kāna makau kūpaianaha ʻo Mānaiakalani i maunu ʻia me nā manu ʻalae, kapu i kona makuahine ʻo Hina. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka papa moana i nā ʻale nui, a laila ua noi ʻo Māui i kona mau kaikuaʻana e hoe koke no ka iʻa nui. Ua hoe lākou me ka ikaika nui, a ua hoʻoluhiluhi lākou, akā ua haʻi ʻo Māui iā lākou mai nānā i hope o kolo aʻe ʻana ka iʻa. Ua hoʻolono ʻole kekahi o nā kaikuaʻana, a ua huli ʻo ia, a ua haki ke aho, a ua hōʻike ʻia nā mokupuni. Inā ʻaʻole kekahi i huli kua, ʻoi aʻe nā mokupuni i hiki ke huki.

Ke ahi huna

Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ke ahi i nā kāne, ua hele ʻo Māui i ka huakaʻi ʻana i ka moku o Hawaiʻi i ke ahi lapalapa o nā mauna luapele, a ua helewāwae wale ʻo ia no he mau mile a hākilo i ke ahi a me kona hōʻā a kinai ʻana, a ua ʻimi ʻo ia i pane maʻalahi no ka lāhui, e lawe ʻana ʻo ia i ke ahi iā lākou. Ua maopopo ʻo Māui i kekahi lāhui manu akamai i ka hōʻā ana i ke ahi. Ua hoʻolālā ʻo ia e hopu i ko lākou aliʻi, a e lawe i ko lākou mea huna o ke ahi. Ua lawe makaluku ʻo ia i ke aliʻi o nā manu ʻalae ʻula ʻo Ka-ʻAlae-Huapi a ua hoʻopunipuni ke aliʻi ʻalae iā ia, a i kāna kalea ʻana i ka manu ua hōʻike ʻo ia iā Māui i nā lāʻau kūpono e hōʻā i ke ahi.

Ka Hoʻomālie ʻana o ka lā

Ma mua o ko Māui komo pū ʻana i kēia mea, ua kaulana ka lā i kāna kaʻalewa koke loa ʻana i ka lani, a ua paʻakīkī no ka hana ʻana o kēlā me kēia lā no kēia kumu, a no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana o ke kapa a kona makuahine ʻo Hina pū. E hoʻopau i kēia, ua hele ʻo Māui i kāna kaikuahine e wili i kekahi aho, a laila ua piʻi ʻo ia i Mauna Haleakalā a ua huki ʻo ia i nā kukuna ʻewalu o ka lā. No laila ua hoʻomālie ʻo Māui i ka lā no ka lāhui kānaka.

Ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana o ka lani

Like me Atlas a me Herakles mai nā moʻolelo Helene kahiko, ua hāpai ʻo Māui i ka lani, no ka mea ua pōkole loa ʻo ia no he mau makahiki, a ʻaʻole i hiki nā meakanu ke ulu a loloa, a ʻaʻole i hiki nā kānaka ke neʻe wale. No laila ua hāpai ʻo Māui i ka lewa lani no nā kānaka a no ko lākou meakanu.

Kaʻao Tonga

Ma nā moʻolelo kaʻao Tonga ʻo Māui, ua huki ʻo Māui i ka Pae ʻĀina o Tonga mai ka hohonu: ua puka mua ʻia ʻo Lofanga a me ka Pae Moku Haʻapai ʻē aʻe, a laila ʻo Vavaʻu i puka mai. A laila ua noho ʻo Māui ma Tonga. He ʻelua mau keikikāne ko Māui: ʻo ka hiapo ʻo Maui-Atalanga (Maui-ʻAkalana) lāua ʻo ka pōkiʻi ʻo Maui-Kisikisi (Maui-Kiʻikiʻi). Ua huli ʻo Maui-Kisikisi i ka mea huna o ke ahu, a ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka lehulehu pehea e kuke: ua hōʻāpono ʻo ia i kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau i ka hōʻā ʻana. Hāpai aʻe ʻo Maui-Motuʻa i ka honua ma kāna poʻohiwi, no laila i ke kūnou ʻana i kāna moe ua lilo i ʻōlaʻi, no laila ua pono nā poʻe e kuʻi i ka honua e ala iā ia. ʻO Hikuleʻo, ke kupua kiaʻi ʻo Pulotu (Milu) a me ka pōkiʻi ʻo Maui-Motuʻa. ʻO Houma ka wahi i hopu ʻia ʻo Maui i ka iʻa me kāna makau.

Ua moʻoʻōlelo pū ʻia he ʻekolu mau kaikunane i kapa ʻia o Maui: Maui-motuʻa (Māui-makua), Maui-atalanga (Māui-akalana), a me Maui-kisikisi (Maui-pinao), ʻo Maui-kisikisi ka hana maʻalea. Ua kapa pū ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Maui-fusi-fonua (Māui-huki-honua) no kāna mākilo ʻana i ka makau kalakupua mai ka ʻelemakule lawaiʻa ʻo Tongafusifonua, i noho ai i Manuka (Manuʻa, i ka hikina mai Tonga). Ua ʻae ʻo Tongafusifonua i kāna lawe ʻana i ka makau, akā a pono ʻo ia e huli no kēia makau ma he paila o nā makau. Eia naʻe ua hoʻokumakaia ʻo Tavatava, ka wahine ʻo Tongafusifonua, i kāna kāne, a ua haʻi iā ia i ka makau maoli iā Māui. No laila ua hiki ʻo Māui ke huki i nā moku koʻa mai ka papa o ka moana. (Ua hāʻule na moku pele mai ka lewa lani).

Kaʻao Kahiki

I loko o nā kaʻao o Kahiki, he kāula kāne noʻeau ʻo Māui. He kahuna ʻo ia i hoʻākua ai. I ke kaʻalewa koke ʻana o ka lā i ko Maui hanana, ua hele ʻo ia a ua hopu i nā hihi (kukuna) o ka lā a ua hoʻomālie ʻo ia i kāna kaʻalewa ʻana. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Māui ʻo Ao-ao-ma-raʻi-a no kāna aʻo ʻana i ka hōʻā ʻana o ke ahi mai ka hiʻa ahi ʻana me nā laʻau. Ma mua ʻo kēia wā ua ʻai maka wale nā poʻe i ko lākou meaʻai. Ua hoʻohewa pū ʻia ʻo Māui no nā ʻōlaʻi.

Kaʻao Haʻamoa

I ka moʻolelo Haʻamoa, ua haʻawi ʻo Māui ai ʻole Tiʻitiʻi i ke ahi i kona lāhui. Ua huna ʻo Tiʻitiʻi, ke kupua mahaʻoi kolohe, i kekahi paia no laila ua hiki kona makuakāne, ʻo Talaga ke hele i Muli. He home ʻo Muli iā Mafuiʻe, he akua ʻōlaʻi. Ua hele ʻo Maui ma mua ʻo ka paia a ua hoʻomāʻauwē i ka leo a kona makuakāne, a ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia "E ka pōhaku! Māhele, ʻo wai ʻo Talaga, ua hele mai au e hana ma koʻu ʻāina i hāʻawi iaʻu na Mafuiʻe". I ko Tiʻitiʻi helehelena i Muli, ua pūʻiwa kona makuakāne a ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, e hana hāwanawana a mai hoʻouluhu iā Mafuiʻe. I kāna hanana ua ʻike ʻo Tiʻitiʻi i ka uahi a ua noi ʻo ia i kona makua mai hea mai kēlā. Ua haʻi ʻia kona makua mai ke ahi o Mafuiʻe mai kēia uahi. No laila ua hele ʻo Tiʻitiʻi i ke akua e noi ai no ke ahi. Ua hāʻawi ʻo Mafuiʻe iā ia i ke ahi iki; a laila ua hana koke ʻo ia i kekahi umu e kau ma loko. Ua makemake ʻo ia e kuke i ke kalo a lākou i ʻohi ʻai. Ua hele mai ke akua a ua huaʻi ʻo ia i ke ahi a ua hoʻopuehu i nā pohaku, a ua uluhua o Tiʻitiʻi. I kāna helena e walaʻau pū me ke akua, ua makemake ʻo Mafuiʻe e hoʻopaʻi iā Tiʻitiʻi no kāna hoʻāʻo e keʻehi i ka mana o ke ahi. Ua paio lākou a ua lanakila ʻo Tiʻitiʻi. Ua ʻoki ke kupua i ka lima ʻākau o Mafuiʻe a laila ua hopu ʻo ia i kāna lima hema. Ua makaʻu o Mafuiʻe i ka ʻoki ʻana o kāna lima, no laila ua nonoi ʻo ia iā Tiʻitiʻi e waiho ola i kāna lima hema no kāna hoʻopapa mau ʻana iā Haʻamoa me nā ʻōlaʻi. Ua hō aku ke akua iā ia i he lau o nā wāhine inā ua koe ʻo ia i kāna lima hema. Ua hoʻōle ka meʻe; no laila ua hō aku ke akua i ka mea huna o ke ahi e lawe ai i ke ao. Ua ʻae ʻo Tiʻitiʻi i kēia hō aku, a ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka huna o ka hiʻa ahi ʻana me nā lāʻau.

Kaʻao Mangareva

I nā moʻolelo Mangareva, ua huki ʻo Māui i ka ʻāina mai ka moana, a ua nākiʻi ʻo ia i ka lā me kekahi aho lauoho. ʻO Ataraga kona makuakāne, a o Uaega kona makuahine.

He ʻewalu mau mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Māui: Maui-mua, Maui-muri, Maui-toere-mataroa, Tumei-hauhia, Maui-tikitiki-toga, Maui-matavaru, Maui-taha, Maui-roto. ʻO Maui-matavaru (makawalu) ka meʻe. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia mai ka piko a kona makuahine, a ua lawe hānai kona kupunakāne iā ia, ʻo Te Rupe, a ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kekahi ʻōʻō kupaianaha kapa ʻia o Atua-tane a he koʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Iraiapatapata.

ʻO Māui i kēia lā

ʻO ka mea i komo i ka Mele Manaka ke hana keaka nei no ke kupua ʻo Māui

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Māui ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni ehuehu Disneu ʻo Moana, a ʻo ʻo ia kekahi meʻe nui, a ua hana keaka leo ʻo Dwayne Johnson nāna. Ua haʻalele kona mau mākua kānaka iā ia i kāna wā pēpē, no laila ua lawe aloha ʻino nā akua iā ia a ua lilo lākou iā ia i kupua a ua hāʻawi iā ia i kekahi makau kalakupua i ʻae iā ia e lilo i kāna kinolau. Ua hana mana ʻo ia e kauoha i nā kānaka, a ua kākau uhi ʻia ʻo ia i nā hana āpau. Ua moʻolelo ʻia kāna lawe ʻana o ka puʻuwai o Te Fiti, kekahi akua wahine mokupuni hana mana. Ua koi ka meʻe nui o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻo Moana, iā ia e hoʻi i ka piko. I ke mele ʻo "Youʻre Welcome", na Lin-Manuel Miranda i haku ʻia ua ʻōlelo ʻia kekahi o kāna mau hana mana o ka moʻolelo. Ua loaʻa kēia mau kaʻao mai nā moʻolelo like ʻole o Polinesia.

ʻO Māui ka piko pū o ke mele ʻo "Maui Hawaiian Supʻpa Man" na Israel Kamakawiwoʻole, i kāna pāleo kaulana loa ʻo Facing Future, ka pāleo Hawaiʻi kaulana loa.

Nā kūmole

• ʻO ER Tregear, Papa Hoʻohālikelike Hoʻohālikelike Maori-Polynesian (Lyon a me Blair: Lambton Quay, 1891).
• M. Beckwith, Ka Moʻolelo Kahiko (University of Hawaii Press: Honolulu, 1970).
• WD Westervelt, Legends of Maui (Hawaiian Gazette: Honolulu, 1910).
• WD Westervelt, Legends of Gods and Ghosts (Hawaiian Mythology) (Kaomi o George H. Ellis, Co .: Boston, 1915).
• ES Craighill Handy, Hoʻomana Polenesia (The Museum of Polynesian Religion: Honolulu, 1927).
• Westervelt, WD (2010). Legends of Ma-ui: He demi akua o Polynesia, a me kona makuahine ʻo Hina. Honolulu, HI: The Hawaiian Gazette Co.
• Westervelt, WD (nd ). V. Ua kiʻi ʻia ʻApelila 10, 2019, mai http://www.sacred-texts.com/pac/maui/maui08.htm
• Westervelt, WD (nd ). II. Ua kiʻi ʻia ʻApelila 10, 2019, mai http://www.sacred-texts.com/pac/maui/maui05.htm