ʻŌlelo Niʻihau

ʻO ka ʻŌlelo Niʻihau (Niʻihau: Olelo Matuahine) kekahi ʻano ʻē o ka ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi ma Puʻuwai, Niʻihau a me Kekaha (Kauaʻi). Hiki i mau kanaka 200 ke ʻōlelo Niʻihau. Ua aʻo ʻia ua ʻōlelo ma Ke Kula Niʻihau o Kekaha.^[1]

Ke umu ʻŌlelo

Ka Hoʻonohonoho ʻAna

He ʻŌlelo ʻAukonekia ka ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi a me ka Olelo Matuahine. ʻO nā ʻŌlelo ʻAukonekia nōhoʻi nā ʻōlelo o ka Pākīpika, ke kauliki o ʻĀsia, a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe ma ka honua. He welo Polenekia wale ka Olelo Matuahine e like me ka ʻōlelo Haʻamoa, ka ʻōlelo Kahiki, ka ʻōlelo Tonga, a me ka ʻōlelo Nuʻuhiwa.

Ka Laulā o Nēia ʻŌlelo

I kēia wā, aia kekahi mau ʻohana welo Niʻihau ma ke komohana o ka mokupuni o Kauaʻi, a ʻōlelo lākou i ka Olelo Matuahine e like me nā kānaka ma Niʻihau. Akā naʻe, wahi a kekahi, ʻaʻole like ka ʻōlelo Niʻihau ma Kekaha me ka ʻōlelo Niʻihau ma Niʻihau. ʻO ka ʻōlelo Niʻihau ma Kekahe, ʻoia hoʻi ka Olelo Kauaʻi.

Kālaileo

Nā Koneka


	Lehelehe	Lapa Niho	Kani Hope Puʻumoni
Manā	m	n
Pohā	p	t~k	ʔ
Hahī			h
Kani Hā	w~v	l~r

Like ʻole me ka ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi i aʻo ʻia aku i nā kula, i ka Olelo Matuahine i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka ʻaui ʻana i nā leokanipū [r] me [l] a me nā leokanipū [t] a me [k]. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻaui ʻana e kekahi mau poʻe ma Molokaʻi a me Maui. I ka makahiki 1950,

Nā Woela

E like me ka ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi i aʻo ʻia aku i nā kula, ʻelima woela pōkole a me ʻelima woela lōʻihi o ka Olelo Matuahine, a me nā Huēwoela.


	Pōkole		Loloa
	Kaumua	Kauhope	Kaumua	Kauhope
Pani ʻIa	i	o	iː	oː
Waena	ɛ ~ e	u	eː	uː
Wehe ʻIa	a ~ ɐ ~ ə		aː

Ka Māmā Woela ʻAna

ʻĪ mai ana ka ʻimi naʻauao ā Newman (1951) e ʻōlelo wikiwiki aʻe nā mea Olelo Matuahine mamua o nā mea ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi maʻamau.

Nui ke emi woela i ka ʻōlelo wikiwiki ʻana.


ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi Maʻamau	Olelo Matuahine
Noho ʻana	Nooana
ʻElua oʻu kika	ʻElu aʻu tita
Hoʻokahi lumi	Hoʻotaī lumi

ʻŌlelo

Nui nā ʻokoʻa i ka puana, ka pela ʻana, a me nā hua ʻōlelo ma ka Olelo Matuahine:^[2]^[3]

k~t
- Kākou > Kātou
- Makahiki > Makahiti
- Kekahi > Ketahi
- Kumu > Tumu
- Ke/Ka > Te/Ta
- Makua > Matua
- Kupuna > Tupuna

Akā, hoʻopaʻa ke koneka [k] ma nā huaʻōlelo malihini:

Kula (School)

Kakaʻikahi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke koneka [r]:

l~r
- Male > Mare
- Kēlā > Tēlā/Tērā

ʻAʻole pela ka Olelo Matuahine i ka ʻokina a me ke kahakō.

Kātou > Katou
ʻŌlelo > Olelo
Nānā > Nana

Pela ʻē kekahi mau huaʻōlelo ma ka ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi Maʻamau:

Kaikamahine > Keitamahine
Ue > Uwe

No nā huaʻōlelo malihini, paʻa ka Olelo Matuahine i nā kepela malihini ʻana:

Century:
- ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi Maʻamau: Kenekulia
- Olelo Matuahine: Senturi
Capitol:
- ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi Maʻamau: Kapikala
- Olelo Matuahine: Kapitala
Sailor
- ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi Maʻamau: Kelamoku
- Olelo Matuahine: Selamotu

ʻAʻole ka Rula KEAO ma ka Olelo Matuahine. Kākau ʻia ke kaʻi "The" pēnei:

Mamua o ke koneka [t]:

Ka tai
Ka toa
Ka taua

Mamua o ka huaʻōlelo "Atua" a me ka huaʻōlelo "Kula":

Ke atua
Ke kula

Mamua o ka huaʻōlelo "Ano," ka huaʻōlelo "Alii," ka huaʻōlelo "awawa," ka huaʻōlelo "atua" (kakaʻikahi), ka huaʻōlelo "aloha," ka huaʻōlelo "tu," a me ka huaʻōlelo "ala":

Te ano
Te alii
Te awawa
Te aloha
Te tu
Te ala

(He mea ʻē ka huaʻōlelo atua. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻaui ʻana i nā kaʻi "ke" a me "te.")

Mamua o nā huaʻōlelo āpau i koe:

Ta hae
Ta lima
Ta mata
Ta kanata
Ta ihe

Kūmole

4. https://puke.ulukau.org/ulukau-books/cgi-bin/imageserver.pl?oid=EBOOK-KAMBOOKTRANS&getpdf=true (

He ʻōmuku kēia mea. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, e kōkua mai i ka holomua ʻana i kēia mea.

[1] Ke Kula o Kekaha website

[2] These women are trying to save Olelo Niihau dialect from extinction (HNN)

[3] Keepers of the Flame: How cultural practitioners are preserving Niihau's unique traditions (Hawaii Magazine)

[1]

[2]

[3]